When dismantling the scaffold, check to ensure that the scaffold has not been structurally altered in a way that would make it unsafe. Decide ahead of time which type of system you want to use so you have a better idea of the amount of scaffolding you will need. Scaffolding shall be designed by a qualified and competent . Toeboards must be installed on work platforms where materials or tools will be in use. CapacityScaffolds and scaffold components must support at least 4 times the maximum intended load. Be sure scaffold stays plumb and level as erection progresses. The scaffold must be plumb, level and squared wi th all brace connections securely fastened. Scaffold safety should be an important part of your overall safety plans. Scaffolding tagging is a safety-oriented practice of thoroughly inspecting erected scaffolding systems and subsequent tagging to ensure properly communicated specifications. The picture above describes TRUE. Make sure the scaffold is stable. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. 1. Extreme weather or damage to structural components can also affect a scaffold's stability. 2011 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University | Website Feedback. That's one of the reasons why we need to keep it inspected - for safety sake! (Figure 4) [, Scaffolds shall be altered only under the supervision and direction of a competent person. [, Have uniform spacing between rungs of a maximum 16 inches. A specific access, such as a mounted ladder, must be used. Shapes materials to prescribed measurements, using saws, chisels, and planes. Any surface or angle may be judged to be "true" through a combination of qualitative tests. Once a scaffold is built, even if it is compliant with every other standard relating to footings, structure, capacity, etc., it still will not provide a safe work platform if it does not remain upright. In general, a level is the easiest way to achieve the desired right angles. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. [, Stair rails and handrails surfaced to prevent punctures or lacerations to employees, and to prevent snagging of clothing. Check the level again and plumb if necessary. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Training shall include [. The focus of this position will be to construct, erect, install, and repair structures and fixtures of wood, plywood, and wallboard, using carpenter's hand tools and power tools, conforming to . [, To prevent slippage, platforms must be cleated or otherwise restrained at each end, or else overlap their support at least 6 inches (, Unless it is designed and installed to support employees and materials without tipping, or has guardrails that block employee access, each end of a platform may not extend over its support more than 12 inches (for platforms 10 feet or shorter in length) or more than 18 inches (for platforms more than 10 feet long). The distance between beare r s and runners shall not exceed manufacturer's re c o m-m e n d a t i o n s . OSHA has standards that apply specifically to the steps that must be taken to assure a stable scaffold base. Always use . [, A scaffold stairway width of at least 18 inches between stair rails. This topic discusses supported scaffolds. [, Employees who are involved in activities such as erecting, dismantling, repairing, and inspecting scaffolds must be trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with those activities. Scaffolds need to be erected plumb, level, squared and braced to . Footing. One must also consider all the necessary components and hardware needed in order to have the safest most accessible construction work platform. Platform/decking planks may be made of solid sawn wood, manufactured wood, manufactured steel, or manufactured aluminum. [, Ends of rails may not extend beyond their terminal posts, unless they do not constitute a projection hazard to employees. The face of the work (ex. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452. Placement of potential falling objects away from the edge of the surface from which they may fall when the falling objects are too large, heavy or massive to be contained or deflected by any of the above-listed measures. All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. Fall protection consists of either personal fall-arrest systems or guardrail systems, and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Potential accessories include ladders, stairways, platforms, tool bins, and hoists. [3] Lift the planks through the scaffold bars and into place. Platforms may be coated periodically with wood preservatives, fire retardants, and slip-resistant finishes, provided they do not obscure the top or bottom wood surfaces. The other five workers were hospitalized with electrical burns. A tube and coupler scaffold has a platform(s) supported by tubing, and is erected with coupling devices connecting uprights, braces, bearers and runners. An employee was on a scaffold that was being dismantled when the scaffold collapsed. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. A checklist of items a competent person should complete daily for scaffold safety. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Employee is Pulled off Scaffold, Suffers Injuries. A scaffold can be overloaded by [. (True or False) _____ 3. Due to their strength, these scaffolds are frequently used where heavy loads need to be carried, or where multiple platforms must reach several stories high. Heavy-duty scaffolds can support 75 pounds per square foot. Employees who perform work while on a scaffold must be trained by a qualified person to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used, and to understand the procedures to control those hazards. B. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. Fabricated frame scaffolds are the most common type of scaffold because they are versatile, economical, and easy to use. For example, if wrapped with mesh, will the scaffold support expected wind loads? [, Wooden planking must not be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be marked for identification. Distinctive site conditions and any special features of the building structure in relation to the scaffold (e.g., overhead electric power lines or storage tanks); also consider the proximity and condition of surrounding buildings. Where the frame of the scaffold will be used for access, the manufacturer must specify in writing that it was designed for such purposes. Scaffolds are generally rated as light, medium or heavy duty and must be able to support the correlating weight of workers and materials required for each type. Supported scaffold poles, legs . Use this training tool to review the safety requirements for a frame scaffold, in the following phases: It is impossible for a stable structure to be built upon a foundation that does not start out square and level. [, OSHA standards specifically forbid climbing cross-braces as a means of access. [. Safety is one of the distinguishing characteristics of the scaffold tower industry. When the employee tried to set the third level frame into the pins of the second level, the frame he was trying to position flipped to one side. Catenary Scoffold. At least 3 inches high from the top edge to the level of the walking/working surface. The maximum intended load and the load-carrying capacity of the scaffold. Reaching 5 foot high all the way up to 30 feet tall. Ladders are used to provide access to different levels of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used to improve safety. Specific requirements are described below. Greater variations in riser height are allowed for the top and bottom steps of the entire system (not for each flight of stairs). To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic . System Scaffolding. At Virginia Tech, a fall protection system (i.e. (j) Scaffold planks must extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. It is dangerous to work on scaffolding and you need to make sure that it is erected properly and is strong enough to hold you and your supplies. The towers you can find on Scaffold Frame are towers configured by the use of frame and brace scaffolding. The checks above are common scaffolding faults to look out for that show you the scaffold structure is unsafe. Able to withstand a force of at least 50 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along the toeboard. Suspension scaffold rigging must at least 6 times the intended load. A plumb bob uses gravity to help you align things properly. [, Scaffolds are to be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only under the supervision of a competent person qualified in such activities. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(9)(i)]. . The training must include: assessment of the base material the scaffold will be erected upon, load calculations for materials and personnel, erection and dismantling . Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. The erected scaffold must support its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load. Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. Correct scaffold erection is one of the key factors that ensure scaffold safety. Guardrails May Have Saved Him, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Electrical Incidents: Lack of Ground-Fault Protection, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, Scaffolding : Supported Scaffolds - Frame or Fabricated, In order to assure stability, supported scaffolds must be set on [, Footings must be capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement. Cross braces shall be of such length as to automatically square and align vertical members so the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. 1 . [, Scaffold platforms and walkways must be at least 18 inches wide, unless they are used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that they must be less than 18 inches wide. 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